Captain Pancasila wrote:Narrated Abu Huraira: Allah's Apostle said, "Whoever keeps a dog, one Qirat of the reward of his good deeds is deducted daily, unless the dog is used for guarding a farm or cattle." Abu Huraira (in another narration) said from the Prophet, "unless it is used for guarding sheep or farms, or for hunting." Narrated Abu Hazim from Abu Huraira: The Prophet said, "A dog for guarding cattle or for hunting." (Book #39, Hadith #515)
Narrated As-Sa'ib bin Yazid: Abu Sufyan bin Abu Zuhair, a man from Azd Shanu'a and one of the companions of the Prophet said, "I heard Allah's Apostle saying, 'If one keeps a dog which is meant for guarding neither a farm nor cattle, one Qirat of the reward of his good deeds is deducted daily." I said, "Did you hear this from Allah's Apostle?" He said, "Yes, by the Lord of this Mosque." (Book #39, Hadith #516)
...Terima kasih, bung Captain Pancasila atas pencantuman hadits-hadits yang dalam bahasa Inggris, yang lebih tegas daripada terjemahan ke dalam bahasa Indonesia sebelumnya.
...Dalam hadits-hadits di atas, disebutkan bahwa anjing adalah untuk menjaga
cattle atau
sheep.
1).
cattle,
pl.n. Horned, hoofed mammals, as cows, bulls, and oxen, esp. those domesticated for beef, diary product, etc. (The American Heritage Dictionary of The English Language, p. 116). Dari definisi itu kiranya anda akan dapat memahami bahwa onta tidak termasuk ke dalam
cattle.
2). Sedang
sheep atau domba sudah jelas tidak mencakup onta.
...Di dalam hadits Sahih Muslim, Book 10, Number 3812:
Ibn Umar (Allah be pleased with them) reported that Allah's Messenger (may peace be, upon him) ordered the killing of dogs except the dog tamed for hunting, or
watching of the herd of sheep or other domestic animals. It was said to Ibn Umar (Allah be pleased with them) that Abu Huraira (Allah be pleased with him) talks of (exception) about the dog for watching the field, whereupon he said: Since Abu Huraira (Allah be pleased with him) possessed land.
Frase yang sama digunakan hingga hadits No. 3828, dengan kekecualian pada:
Book 10, Number 3819:
Salim reported on the authority of his father (Allah be pleased with him) that Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) said: He who kept a dog other than one meant for hunting or for the
protection of the herd would lose two qirat of his deeds every day. Salim said: Abu Huraira (Allah be pleased with him) used to say: Or the dog meant for watching the field, and he was the owner of the land.
...Penggunaan kata
herd di dalam hadits Sahih Muslim merupakan penegasan bahwa anjing digunakan untuk menggembalakan ternak yang suka bergerombol. Mungkin anda pernah dengar sebutan "
herder" bagi anjing paling populer yang nama resminya dalam bahasa Inggris adalah
German Sheperd atau gembala Jerman. Sedang onta tidak umum digembalakan seperti sapi atau domba, karena merupakan binatang omnifora. Paling tidak, belum pernah saya lihat di filem-filem yang pernah saya tonton.
...Pada jaman itu onta adalah alat angkutan utama di padang pasir, sehingga bernilai tinggi. Mirip dengan kuda di Barat.
...Saya heran mengapa isi hadits saling berbeda dalam hal besarnya denda akibat memelihara anjing. Ada yang mengatakan 1 qirat perhari dan ada yang mengatakan 2 qirat perhari. Apa karena Muhammad tergolong manusia pelupa, atau karena alasan sebenarnya disembunyikan sehingga tidak konsisten dalam menentukan dendanya?