Muslim, dengan ideologinya yang penuh curiga, sering menuduh mereka yang bukan muslim mencoba memurtadkan komunitasnya dengan bantuan sosial, indomie, dsb. Padahal, sejarah Islam sendiri mencatat bahwa selain pedang, agama tsb juga disebarkan dengan uang untuk menarik pemeluk.
Satu dari ‘amil zakat’ (orang yang berhak menerima zakat) menurut al-Quran adalah muallaf, yaitu mereka yang baru memeluk Islam:
Quran surat at-Taubah 9:60
Sesungguhnya zakat-zakat itu, hanyalah untuk orang-orang fakir, orang-orang miskin, pengurus-pengurus zakat, para muallaf yang dibujuk hatinya, untuk (memerdekakan) budak, orang-orang yang berutang, untuk jalan Allah dan orang-orang yang sedang dalam perjalanan, sebagai sesuatu ketetapan yang diwajibkan Allah; dan Allah Maha Mengetahui lagi Maha Bijaksana.
Seorang muallaf bahkan tertarik memeluk islam karena sering diberi uang oleh Muhammad!
Berikut komentar Ibn Kathir atas ayat 9:60 tsb:
As for those whose hearts have been (recently) reconciled (to the Truth) they are in various divisions: some who were given (money) to convert to Islam, like when the Prophet Muhammad - Peace Be Upon Him - gave Safwan Bin Ummayah from the booty of the Battle of Hunayn, and he (Safwan Bin Ummayah) had fought in it as an infidel [Mushrik], ... Imam Ahmad said: Narrated Zakria bin Uddi, that Ibn Al-Mobarek said that Younis Al-Zahri from Saaid bin Al-Messyab from Safwan Bin Ummayah who said: "The Messenger - Peace Be Upon Him - gave me (money) on the Battle of Hunayn and he was one of the people I've hated most; he kept on giving me (money) until he became one of the people I've loved most." And some of them are given (money) to better their Islam and strengthen their faith in their hearts, like when he (Muhammad) gave on the Battle of Hunayn a group of the lowest of the released prisoners and the most noble of them one hundred camels each, and he (Muhammad) said, "Giving a man and others (money) is lovable (by me) because I'm afraid that Allah would throw him (the infidel) on his face into the hell fire." And in the Sahihayn (meaning Bukhari and Muslim) narrated Ibn Sa'eed, that Ali sent to the Prophet - Peace Be Upon Him - with a gold piece in it's soil from Yemen, so he (Muhammad) divided it between four people: Al-Aqra' Bin Al-Habis, Ayyinah Bin Badr, Alqamah Bin Oulathah, and Zayd Al-Khayr, and he (Muhammad) said, "Atta'alafuhum = I'm reconciling their hearts to the truth", some of them are given (money) to collect the charity from those close to them, and some of them are given money to protect the Muslims from attacks at the corners of the countries.
Jadi mereka diberi uang agar tetap tertarik memeluk islam!
Kita punya bukti, bahwa orang-orang yang baru saja memeluk Islam mendapat pemberian uang (zakat) - sebagaimana Quran menyebut dalam 9:60 - untuk menarik minat yang lain
Al-Ghazali, sang ‘hujjatul Islam’, menulis:
The fourth group comprises those whose hearts are reconciled [to Islam] (al-mu'allafah qulubuhum). These are the nobles who embraced Islam. They are obeyed and respected among their followers, and by giving them [a portion of the zakah] they are confirmed in Islam while their peers and followers are attracted and encouraged. (al-Ghazzali, The Mysteries of Almsgiving, tr. Nabih Amin Faris, 1966, p. 58
Syeikh Ata Ullah, ulama Pakistan, mengatakan bahwa salah satu tujuan zakat adalah memenangkan simpati dan mengambil hati mereka yang belum muslim:
The need for winning the hearts and enlisting the sympathy of others (non-Muslims), shall always remain, and with the present-day position of the Musalmans, particularly in countries where they live side by side with non-Muslims, a generous treatment of neighbours, particularly the needy amongst them and their leaders who can instill in them a better understanding of Islam and dispel the effects of centuries of malicious propaganda against Islam and the Muslims, is essential..... Even the vast scope of drawing people to Islam has not been properly explored. If Zakat can be spent on presenting Islam to the non-Muslims, there are rich and unexplored fields awaiting that noble effort.
The object is to draw people to the fold of Islam, and it cannot under all circumstances and for all times be achieved by paying out doles in cash. The funds are there. The object has been defined and the means so long as they are honest do not matter. ... If that has got to be done, as it surely must be, how can we say that the object has ceased to exist? (Sheikh Ata Ullah, M.A., Revival of Zakat, Ripon Printing Press, Lahore, p. 81)
Ata Ullah juga berpendapat, praktek pembagian zakat kepada non muslim (apapun kategorinya apakah sebagai fakir, orang berutang, musafir dsb) tidak lazim lagi dilakukan, kecuali ada kepastian orang-orang tsb akan memeluk Islam!
According to Alshafi and his followers, Zakat cannot be disbursed to an unbeliever in order to draw him to Islam. According to Imam Malik, with the prosperity and ascendency and power which Islam wields, it is not necessary to expend Zakat in winning the support of the non-believers. The cause has terminated and the practice no longer remains necessary. According to later malikites, the disbursement of this share has not been abrogated and Zakat may still be disbursed to unbelievers under this head, provided there is adequate sense of certainty as to their embracing Islam. (Sheikh Ata Ullah, M.A., Revival of Zakat, Ripon Printing Press, Lahore, p. 80)
Muhammad terbiasa memberi uang kepada mereka yang baru saja memeluk Islam!
`AL MU'ALLA FATI QULUBU-HUM
The category comprises of `Those whose hearts are made to include to truth' or `Those whose hearts are to be reconciled.' The Prophet of Islam used to pay a portion of Zakat sometimes to the new converts.....He used, sometimes, by payment of Zakat to win over the hearts of leaders of clans and tribes and secure their goodwill for the Musalmans and ward off their potential evil designs against the Muslim society which was then only spring into existence. Payment was again made under this head to the needy, who were expected ultimately to understand and embrace Islam. When after the death of the Prophet such people came to Hazrat Abu Bakr the first Caliph, to receive their share of the payment, Hazrat Umar pointed out to them as follows:
"The Messenger of Allah used to give you a share in order that there may grow up in your hearts a love for Islam. Now, by the grace of God, Islam has grown stronger and has been exalted.
If therefore, you are steadfast in your faith all well and good. If you will it otherwise, the sword will be the only judge between you and ourselves."
Hazrat Abu Bakr agree to this and their share was thus dropped. This happened in the presence of all the companions of the Prophet, therefore the cancellation of this share is deemed to carry the unanimous approval of the companions of the Prophet and hence all those who have written on this subject have treated this category of beneficiaries as extinct. (Sheikh Ata Ullah, The Revival of Zakat, Lahore, Pakistan, hal. 77-78
Mereka yang berhasil menarik orang kepada Islam mendapat 'upah khusus'! Mereka yang mulai menolak Islam juga dibayar agar tetap setia!
According to Al-Mawardi Mu`alla fati qulubohum has four categories. (1) Those whose assistance and support has to be enlisted for the Musalmans, (2) Those who have to be desisted or dissuaded from inflicting harm on the Muslims. (3) Those who are to be paid for inviting others to Islam and (4) Those whose tribe or community displays an inclination towards acceptance of Islam. Of these four categories, those who are Muslims have to be paid out of the share set apart for and those who are mushriks ought to be paid out of the spoils of war, or Mal-i-Musalibat. (Sheikh Ata Ullah, M.A., Revival of Zakat, Ripon Printing Press, Lahore, pp. 77-78
ZAKAT DAN MUALLAF
[Hadis] Muhamad Sogok orang agar masuk Islam**
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